Horizontal piston



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. SEE.

HORIZONTAL PISTON.

Patented June 21, 1887.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. SEE.

HORIZONTAL PsToN.

No. 365,102. Patented June 21, 1887.

Nrran STATES ATENr OFFICE..

HORACE SEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE XVILLIAM CRAIWIP & SONS SHIP AND ENGINE BUILDING COMPANY,

OF S AME PLACE.

HORIZONTAL PISTON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 365,102, dated June 21, 1887.

Application filed March 9, 1987. Serial No.2lfli7.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Hormon SEE, a citizen ofthe United States, residing in the City and County of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Horizontal Pistons, of which the following is a specification.

It is well understood that the piston of a cylinder which is disposed in a horizontal lo position wears more quickly upon its under portion, or that are of its circumference which in the mounting of the piston lies below its horizontal diameter, than upon its upper portion,the weight of the piston as an entirety coming upon its lower semi-circumference, and in fact coming only upon an are of the same but little in excess of forty-tive to sixty degrecs upon each side of its vertical diameter.

My invention relates in general and is apzo plicable to all pistons and kindred disks which play horizontally or in a plane slightly inclined from the horizontal within a cylinder, and its Aobject is the provision of means for increasing the durability or augmenting the wearing qualities of the under or wearing surface of the piston, without to any material eX- tent increasing the weight, and also the provision of means' for facilitating adjustment to wear, and for accurately packing the piston.

The foregoing objects I attain by devices represented in the accompanying drawings and described in this specification, the particular subject matter elaimd as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

Inthe drawings, Figurel is a central vertical, side sectional elevation of a piston embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a rear elevational view ofso much ofa piston as is represented in Fig. l,the sight being taken from the right hand 4o side of said Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a partly sectional and partly elevational view of a quarter portion of apiston embodying my improvements, it being the under half portion of so much of a piston as is represented in Fig. 1, the section being in theplanc ofthe dotted line z-x ofsaid figure, and sight being taken in the direction of the arrows upon said line. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of so much of the shoe as is represented in Figs. l and 2. Fig. 5 is a view in 5o perspective of thefollower removed from the (No model.)

piston, exhibiting its shoe recess; and Fig. G a similar view ot' the shoe in readiness to be applied to said recess.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre Eponding parts. In the drawings, A represents a piston of conical form, which is conveniently provided with a hub designated AX. The rear face of the piston is turned offer otherwise conformed to present three circuxnferential rearwardlyfacing surfaces which are respectively herein termed the outer shoulder c, the middle shoulder c', and the inner shoulder ai. The planes or faces of these shoulders are preferably parallel.

I3 is what I term a follower; it being an anY gular ring of metal conveniently of the form represented in the drawings, that is to say, having a horizontal member b and a vertical member Z,-and being adapted for applica` 7o tion against the inner and middle shoulders of the piston. This follower is conveniently secured to the piston by follower bolts BX which pass through bolt seats b2 in it the said fol lower, and thread into the piston as shown. An arc of the under portion of the periphery of the follower, being an are of that portion of its circumference which is comprised below its horizontal diameter is provided with a recess U", Fig. 5, to receive an are shaped shoe 8o C, which latter is a right angularly flanged metal plate composed of an under lnelnber, which is the wearing surface c, and of a lateral member, right angular to said under member, which is thebaek'flange cof-through 85 the medium of which flange the shoe as an entirety is by shoe bolts CX, which pass through bolt seats c2 and thread into the follower, secured to said follower. The horizontal wearing surface c of the shoe preferably extends at o@ least as far forward as the horizontal member I) of the follower, so that said follower is as to its entire recessed portion b shod by the shoe, which latter is of circumferential length equal to the length of the shoe-recess in the follower, and preferably of a breadth in excess of the average breadth of the piston and follower7 in order to afford a very broad bearing surface for the piston.

It will be apparent from a consideration of 10o 2 y 365,102 Y -f v the foregoing construction that the shoe can be both removed and applied without unshipping the piston from its cylinder. This capability for application and removal without unseating the piston, constitutes one of the material advantages of my invention.

Interposed between the cuter shoulder a of the piston and both the front face of thehorizontal member b of the follower B and the front face of the wearing surface c of the shoe C, -the said two faces together forming a complete circumferential face opposing the aforesaid outer shoulder of the pistonf-is a packing ring which completely circumscribes the piston and is composed of a double series of segments D, each of which series of segments as to the segments which compose it completely circumscribes the piston as'stated, and the' segmentscomposing the respective series of the which said two series are interdisposed so as to break joints, in a manner which will be understood by a reference to the full and dotted radial lines designating the intersection of segments,-in Fig. 3. The segments of` the outer series are conveniently loosely attached by pins d to the outer shoulder a of the piston, the said shoulder and the said (segments being correspondingly bored to let in the pins. The segments of the inner series are similarly loosely secured by pins dX to the segments of the outer series, the said pins being let into holes correspondingly oppositely bored into the opposing faces of the Segments of the respective series.

The various packing segments D, considered together as forming a composite packing ring to the piston, are adapted, as above, to be maintainedJlaterally between the follower and its shoe and the outer shoulder of the piston. They are maintained radially outward against the inner walls of the cylinder by the interposition within a circumferential recess dxf-formed about the piston to the rearof its outer shoulder by the application of said follower and shoe,-of a series of elliptic or other-springs E, or equivalent springcontrivances, which act between the base of said recess and the inner sides of said segments.

The springs are conveniently maintained in proper circumferential disposition, and prevented from dropping` down together, by radial pins e, or kindred stops, erected from the base of the spring recess. The function of the packing rings is to maintain the piston steam, air, or fluid-tight within the cylinder. It is, of course, preferable that the packing, as such, should completely encircle or, technically, circumscribe,7 the piston. It is apparent, however, that to the extent ofthe length ofthe shoethepackingpropermaybe dispensed with, and the shoe proper constitute in effect, and subserve the functions of, a portion of the packing, and I use the term circumscribing packing77 in the claims subject to this obvious limitation. The function of the shoe is as to` its wearing surface to take the weight of, and Wear off of,-thepiston proper.

Vscribing however, confine myself to such forms, nor

yet to the special mode of application and securing respectively ofthe follower and shoe,- nor yet indeed to the special construction and mode of attachment of the packing ring, although I prefer a packing ring constructed, applied, and held to duty in the manner se forth.

Having thus described my invention, Il

claim and desireto secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination of a horizontal cylinder, a piston adapted to said cylinder, and a shoe adapted to the `under circumferential portion of said piston and applicable thereto 'and removable therefrom in the direction vof thelength of the cylinder, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

2.` In combination with a horizontal piston, a circumlcribing packing, and -a removably applied shoe or wearing surface applied to the under circumferential portion of said piston, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a piston, a circumscribing packing, ascircumferential follower, and asegmeutal shoe applied to the under circumferential portion of the piston, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of Y.a piston, a circumpacking composed of segments, springs for holding said segments radially outward, a circumferential follower7 and` a segmental shoe applied to the under circumferential portion of the piston, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a horizontal piston, acircumscribing packing applied to said piston, means for maintaining the packing radially pressed out, a circumferential.follower having a recess formed in its under peripheral portion, and a segmental shoeadapted tosaid recess and removably secured to said follower, substantially as setforth. l

6. The combination of a piston, a removably applied shoe, a follower, .packing segments, pins for maintaining said segments in their relative positions, springs for ,forcing said segments radially outward, and pins for maintaining said springs in proper circumferential distribution, substantially as set fort-h.

In Testimony NVhereof I have hereunto signed my name this 2d day of March A. D., 1887.

Heimen ses.

IIO 

